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CONDUCTIVE VERSUS INSULATIVE ESD MATERIALS

 

The higher the conductivity of the grounding system the faster electrons are moved to ground. If electrons are moved to ground too quickly it can damage components.  If a flooring material is too conductive it can present a safety hazard for the technicians. The more insulative the material is the slower electrons are moved to ground. Moving the electrons to ground too slowly easily allows a static charge to accumulate drastically increasing the failure rate of electronic components.

 

Conversion of Scientific to Number Calculator

 

Goal 1: Meet EOS ESD S 2020-2007 with a combination resistance between the technician / heel grounders and flooring  <3.5E07

 

Goal 2: Provide improved electrical conductivity of (standing) technicians for a reduction of electrostatic accumulation (ESD). The flooring system must move the charge to ground at least as well as a technician wearing an esd wrist strap.  The resistance of the operator wearing a wrist strap has been shown to be approximately 3.8E06.  

CONDUCTIVE

<1.0E01:

(<10 ohms)

Copper flooring etc

Water etc

(Note: Too conductive! This range presents possible failure mechanisms and safety hazards).

1.0E02:

(100 ohms)

1.0E03:

(1,000 ohms)

1.0E04:

(10,000 ohms)

 

ESD Conductive Flooring

 (>1.0E04 - <1.0E06) Electrical resistance in ohms to ground)

 

 

 TV Static COMPLIANT:

MIL Specifications and latest most stringent standards

 

1.0E05

(100,000 ohms)

1.0E06

(1,000,000 ohms)

>3.5E06 (technician and wrist strap resistance)

(>3,500,000 ohms)

 Technician wearing esd wrist strap (current method of grounding). TV Static COMPLIANT BUT:

Straps become easily disconnected from ground source, excess pull on cords weakens wiring causing intermittent or catastrophic failure. Extreme reduction in mobility, occasional tripping hazard. Technicians are  not grounded when changing stations etc as wrist straps are disconnected while moving. Technicians must remember to use the wrist straps and properly attach to ground source

<3.5E06 Technician, heel grounders and Titanium ESD flooring resistance)

(<3,500,000 ohms)

 

GOAL: Technician wearing full sole foot grounders on Titanium conductive flooring (proposed method of grounding as replacement for wrist straps)

TV Static COMPLIANT IMPROVED METHOD:

Electrical conductivity is as good if not better than wrist straps.  Technicians experience freedom of mobility (increased production). Redundant protection (like wearing 2 wrist straps). Reduced tripping hazard. Technicians ALWAYS grounded. Technicians no longer have to remember to attach straps to ground (eliminating potential for  operator error).

1.0E07

(10,000,000 ohms)

 

  

<3.5E07

(<35,000,000 ohms)

Technician / Heel Grounders / Flooring per EOS ESD S 2020-2007 97.1

TV Static COMPLIANT: MIL Specifications and latest most stringent standards

1.0E08

(100,000,000 ohms)

static mats, static dissipative

 Note: moves electrons to ground very slowly

1.0E09

(1,000,000,000 ohms)

 current interlocking flooring (approximate).  Wood, carpeting etc

Switchboard matting, Plexiglas, etc

 (Note: Too Insulative! This and the following ranges present possible failure mechanisms due to incomplete charge decay

1.0E10

(10,000,000,000 ohms)

1.0E11

(100,000,000,000 ohms)

1.0E12

(1,000,000,000,000 ohms)

INSULATIVE

Notes:
K Kilo 1,000 one thousand
M Meg 1,000,000 one million
G Gig 1,000,000,000 one billion
T Terra 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion